There may be synergies from a training programme that began with classroom training and progressed to fully immersive simulation, where team skills and clinical skills could be synthesized. Only one study evaluating classroom and simulation training in combination was found, conducted in the USA, and that study was insufficiently powered to enable conclusions to be drawn. Despite the emergence of large multicentre programmes such as TeamSTEPPS, research on evaluating the results of training is at a formative stage.
Several classroom and simulation-based team training programmes, adapted from aviation CRM, have been implemented in health care settings in the USA, the UK, Europe and Australia-some in specific specialties such as anaesthesia, some in multidisciplinary settings and some in the military.
This type of training is often recommended as a way to improve patient safety. Crew resource management, teamwork, competency-based education, needs assessment IntroductionĮvidence suggests that aviation-style crew resource management (CRM) teamwork training is transferable to health care.
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